How is Rotenone neutralized in treated waters?

Rotenone is a natural pesticide often used for fishing purposes to control fish populations in various aquatic environments. Its neutralization in treated waters is a critical process to ensure that the aquatic ecosystem can recover and that there are no lingering harmful effects on non-target species.

The correct method for neutralizing rotenone involves the use of potassium permanganate. Potassium permanganate acts as an oxidizing agent, effectively breaking down rotenone into non-toxic byproducts through oxidation. The specified ratios, such as 1:1 or 2:1, refer to the amount of potassium permanganate used in relation to the amount of rotenone present. When applied correctly, this chemical can help remediate the water by rapidly neutralizing the rotenone, making it safe for aquatic life and allowing for a healthier ecosystem to be restored.

In contrast, the other options do not provide effective means of neutralizing rotenone. Activated charcoal, while useful for adsorbing toxins in certain scenarios, does not chemically neutralize the rotenone; it merely absorbs it, which may not facilitate a complete restoration of the water quality. Lime and alum can change water chemistry but do not specifically neutralize rotenone and may not effectively resume a balanced aquatic environment.